Connectivity Tools Guide
Need help deciding which tool to use?
Click on a button below to filter tools according to category: data use, platform, interface, operating system, or input data form.
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Decision tree for working with resistance surfaces (click to enlarge). Modified from Dutta et al. 2022.
REMEMBER! There is no one-size-fits-all tool for modeling connectivity and corridors. You must be clear on your goals and objectives in order to determine which tool(s) will be most effective for your specific project.
Data summarized from Dutta, T., Sharma, S., Meyer, N.F., Larroque, J. and Balkenhol, N. 2022. An overview of computational tools for preparing, constructing and using resistance surfaces in connectivity research. Landscape Ecology 37: 2195-2224.
Data Use - Preparing
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
Data Use - Using
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| ArcMap extension for evaluating corridors | Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Outputs from the Corridor Designer toolbox | Allow users to evaluate and compare alternative corridor designs through various metrics. |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Data Use - Constructing
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
Platform - Stand-alone
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Platform - R
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
Platform - ArcGIS
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| ArcMap extension for evaluating corridors | Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Outputs from the Corridor Designer toolbox | Allow users to evaluate and compare alternative corridor designs through various metrics. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
Platform - QGIS
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
Interface - GUI
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| ArcMap extension for evaluating corridors | Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Outputs from the Corridor Designer toolbox | Allow users to evaluate and compare alternative corridor designs through various metrics. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Interface - CL
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
Operating System - Windows
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| ArcMap extension for evaluating corridors | Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Outputs from the Corridor Designer toolbox | Allow users to evaluate and compare alternative corridor designs through various metrics. |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Operating System - Mac
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Operating System - Linux
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Input Data Format - Raster
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |
Input Data Format - Vector
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
Input Data Format - Text
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
All Tools
| Tool | Data Use | Platform | Interface | Operating System | Input Data Format | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rgdal, rgeos, sp, sf | Preparing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Read and manipulate spatial data |
| Export to Circuitscape | Preparing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Export multiple ArcGIS vector and raster data into one or more ASCII rasters, with identical cell sizes, extents, and spatial reference. |
| GuidosTolbox | Preparing, Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Geospatial analysis, pre and post processing, and visualization of raster data. Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis to analyze fragmentation, connectivity, and restoration potential. Resistance surfaces can be imported to create least cost paths. |
| ArcGIS | Preparing, Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | A proprietary GIS program; several generic analysis modules to handle and manipulate spatial data layers, and perform analysis to create resistance, corridors and map the output. |
| QGIS | Preparing, Constructing | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | An open-source software to create, edit, visualize, analyze and publish geospatial information. |
| SDM toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector, Text | Create and map least cost paths and least cost corridors among all sites or among shared haplotypes. |
| Raster | Preparing, Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Read, write, manipulate, analyze raster data. |
| BioDispersal | Preparing, Constructing, Using | QGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Produce habitat permeability and potential dispersal maps for one or several species using cumulative costs. |
| Corridor Designer Toolbox | Preparing, Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Raster, Vector, Text | Create habitat suitability map and help identify habitat patches to map potential habitat linkages for land management planning. | |
| SimRiv | Preparing, Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Simulate and analyze spatially-explicit individual-based multistate movement models in linear, dendritic, heterogeneous and homogeneous spaces, based on resistance raster. |
| Gnarly Landscape Utilities | Constructing | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Create habitat layers, resistance, and map core areas. |
| ResistanceGA | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data and effective distances using circuit theory, least cost path and random-walk commute times. |
| radish | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Use the Newton-Raphson algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic data, and effective distances using circuit theory. |
| LinkageMapper | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows, Mac | Raster, Vector | Identify and map linkages between core areas using least cost distance, and circuit-theory to delineate least cost corridors, detect pinchpoints and barriers. |
| topoDistance | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate the distance along the shortest topographic path between points, and distance along least cost path. |
| Connectivity Analysis Toolkit | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster, Text | Map linkages using LCP, current flow, and network flow. Calculate centrality metrics. |
| gdistance | Constructing, Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Calculate various distance measures and routes (incl. least cost path, random walk) in heterogeneous geographic spaces |
| SAGA-GIS (Least-Cost Path tool) | Constructing | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector | Estimate least cost paths with user-defined cost surface and sources. |
| Circuitscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory. |
| Circuitscape.jl | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on Julia computing platform. |
| GFlow | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Run connectivity analysis using circuit theory on a high performance computing platform. |
| Omniscape | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text (through INI files) | Analyze and generate maps of omni-directional habitat connectivity using circuit theory. |
| MatrixGreen | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Vector | Generate the node and connection files required as an input for Conefor (see tool #36), including the effective LC distance between pairs of nodes. |
| LandFacet Corridor Designer | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster | Design corridors based on land facets (topographic and soil-traits based units) |
| movecost | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Calculate non-isotropic accumulated cost surface and least-cost paths using a number of human-movement-related cost functions. |
| leastcostpath | Constructing | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Model least cost pathways and movement potential using cost surfaces based on slope and other landscape features. |
| Python based GIS tools for landscape genetics | Constructing, Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Convert files, visualize genetic relatedness, and measure landscape connectivity using least?cost path analysis. |
| RangeShifter 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| RangeShiftR | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster (only in text format) | Individual-based model integrating population dynamics and dispersal behavior to model functional connectivity |
| HexSim | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Vector, Text | Evaluate landscape connectivity, impacts of barriers, designs of restoration, mitigation and reintroduction strategies. |
| LandScape Corridors | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Simulate multiple functional ecological corridors between multiple source-target patches using species habitat requirement and LCP algorithm |
| UNICOR 2.0 | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Raster, Text | Identify corridors and estimate resistant kernel connectivity using Dijkstras shortest path algorithm to individual-based simulations using a resistance surface. | |
| ArcMap extension for evaluating corridors | Using | ArcGIS | GUI | Windows | Outputs from the Corridor Designer toolbox | Allow users to evaluate and compare alternative corridor designs through various metrics. |
| Grainscape | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Analyze connectivity using patch networks within a spatially explicit framework. |
| Zonation | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Raster, Text | Decision support tool for ecologically based land use planning, including applications in spatial conservation planning and ecological impact avoidance. |
| Environmental Evaluation Modeling System (EEMS) | Using | ArGIS, Stand-alone | GUI | Windows | Raster, Text | Decision support tool to evaluate current and future potential habitat value, ecological/development conflict, and landscape vulnerability to climate change. |
| MultyLink | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Linux | Text | Decision-support tool in spatial conservation planning. Optimizes selection of linkages for multiple species in distinct types of habitat. |
| Makurhini | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Vector | Calculate various measures of fragmentation and connectivity. Assess the importance of landscape elements for connectivity. |
| samc | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify landscape connectivity using spatial absorbing Markov chain and distinguishing between movement behavior and mortality in space and time. |
| Marxan Connect | Using | Stand-alone | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Assist conservation planners with the appropriate use of data on ecological connectivity in protected area network planning. |
| Conefor | Using | ArcGIS, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Specific Input files generated as mentioned in the Remarks section | Quantify the importance of habitat patches and links for network connectivity |
| Graphab | Constructing, Using | Stand-alone, QGIS | GUI, CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Construction and visualization of graphs, connectivity analyses and metrics from graphs. |
| FRAGSTATS | Using | ArcGIS | GUI, CL | Windows | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| landscapemetrics | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Quantify the landscape structure (composition and configuration) and calculate connectivity indices (Cohesion, Connect, and Traverse) for the landscape. |
| graph4lg | Using | R | CL | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Build graphs for landscape genetics analysis |
| Pathwalker | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster, Text | Individual-based model that simulates movement paths and predicts landscape connectivity. |
| GECOT | Using | Stand-alone | CL | Windows, Linux | Specific Input files (JSON and CSV) | Optimize landscape connectivity under budget constraints by identifying the best combination of conservation and restoration actions to maximize habitat network connectivity. |
| Connecting Landscapes (CoLa) | Using | Stand-alone | GUI | Windows, Mac, Linux | Raster | Integrate assessments of habitat connectivity into land-use planning and development |